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The “Analysis†uses two indicators, internal and external, to “assess†scientific and technological R&D activities of industrial enterprises above designated size in Luoyang. The internal effect, which is measured by the number of patent applications of R&D personnel per capita, represents a possibility that the R&D activity of the company is transformed into productivity; the external effect, that is, the sales revenue of new products generated by the input of the internal expenditure of R&D activities per unit of science and technology Measure reflects a kind of practical ability of the scientific and technological R&D activities of enterprises to transform their input into productivity.
The "analysis" data shows that small-scale enterprises are better than large- and medium-sized enterprises in terms of the internal effects of R&D activities. In small-scale enterprises, the average number of patent applications per 100 R&D personnel is 28.1, while only 9.7 large and medium-sized enterprises. In terms of the external effects of R&D activities, large and medium-sized enterprises are better than small ones, and new products are sold in large and medium-sized enterprises. The average ratio of income to R&D expenditure within science and technology is 11.4:1, while small businesses only account for 8.3:1. This means that small companies do not invest less than large and medium-sized companies, but their returns are much worse.
According to the “Analysis†data, among the industry’s internal rankings with poor performance in R&D activities, the instrument and meter manufacturing industry (3.4 pieces/hundred people) is ranked first, followed by non-ferrous metal mining, coal mining, etc.; The processing industry is an industry with poor external effects on R&D activities, followed by coking and nuclear fuel processing, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, and general equipment manufacturing.
This data is very clear that one of the biggest flaws in the instrumentation industry is scientific innovation. The instrumentation industry is generally dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises. On the one hand, they lack funds to research and development. On the other hand, the products they research and develop are difficult to compete with large foreign-funded enterprises. Large-scale foreign-funded enterprises can make more profits from small-enterprise innovation products by slightly optimizing and upgrading their original products. Input and return are not directly proportional to the lack of innovation in most local companies.
In addition, instrument and meter companies have weak awareness of property rights protection, and many small businesses are "enthusiastic" in counterfeiting. A new technology, a new product, is often stolen by other companies in a short period of time, causing it to lose the advantage of a competitive market.
At present, only technological innovation in China's instrumentation industry can avoid being eliminated by the market, and the price that technological innovation needs to pay is what many companies cannot afford. Right now, only through transformation and upgrading, enterprises can reduce investment and gain more revenues, so they can base themselves on the market. In the future, enterprises that cannot complete transformation and upgrading will gradually exit the competition stage.